As a health-care vegetable, burdock is mainly exported to Japan, South Korea and Southeast Asian countries. It is deeply loved by consumers and is in great demand. In recent years, the planting area in our country has expanded year by year, and it has become a major export vegetable. Burdock is a 2--3 year-old herb. Its sowing period varies from spring, summer or autumn. The growth period varies. The whole growth period can be divided into germination period, seedling period, and leaf growth period. And fleshy taproot expansion period. Burdock is a deep-rooted vegetable, which has strict requirements on the soil. It should be cultivated in a sandy loam or loam soil with deep, fertile, loose, and well-drained soil. It is generally carried out before winter and deep drying. The trench is 70 cm deep, 60 cm wide, and the distance between the two trenches is 120 cm. After ditching, combine with filling soil and apply fertilizer in layers. The application of immature organic fertilizer will cause damage to the tip of burdock taproot and branching. Too much chemical fertilizer and high soil solution concentration can also damage the taproot, cause branching, and affect the commercial performance of burdock.

Therefore, fertilizer selection is particularly important for burdock cultivation. Generally use 200 kg of biological organic fertilizer, 40 kg of urea, 100 kg of superphosphate, and 30 kg of potassium sulfate to make the fertilizer and the ditch soil evenly mixed and fill the ditch. Burdock has a long growth period, a large amount of growth, and a large amount of fertilizer. On the basis of applying sufficient base fertilizer, top dressing should be performed 3 times throughout the growth period. For the first time, when the plant height is 30-40 cm, open a furrow in the middle of the top of the ridge, and apply 20 kg of bio-organic fertilizer per mu; for the second time, combine watering during the period of vigorous plant growth, spread it in the furrow, and apply biological fertilizer per mu 30 kg of organic fertilizer can promote the growth of roots and leaves; for the third time, after the fleshy roots are enlarged, 30 kg of bio-organic fertilizer is applied per mu to promote the rapid growth of fleshy roots and obtain high-quality and high-yield burdock.

Like burdock, yam is a deep-rooted vegetable, and the variety, quantity and method of basal fertilizer are basically the same. But the top dressing period and the amount of fertilizer are slightly different. From bud germination to tuber harvesting, yam can be divided into germination period, stubble-spinning period, tuber growth period and dormancy period. Generally, after the seedlings are in full bloom or after the transplanting is alive, a furrow is opened in the middle of the top of the ridge, and 20 kg of bio-organic fertilizer is applied per mu; 30 kg of bio-organic fertilizer is applied per mu during the growth period; when the plants are budding, 80 kg of bio-organic fertilizer is applied per mu. To ensure the elongation and expansion of tubers.